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Constance Lake First Nation is an Oji-Cree First Nations band government located on the shores of Constance Lake near Hearst〔 Cochrane District in northeastern Ontario, Canada, It is directly north of the community of Calstock along a continuation of Ontario Highway 663. Constance Lake First Nation is home to close to 1605 members of Cree and Ojibway ancestry with approximately 820 living on reserve.〔 The reserve which includes Constance Lake, is 7686 acres in size.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=History )〕 ==History== The Constance Lake First Nation members are of "Cree, Oji-Cree and Ojibway descent. Our ancestors inhabited the Kenogami, Kabinakagami, Nagagamisis, Nagagami, Pagwachuan, Fushimi, Pledger Lake, Little Current, Drowning, Ridge, Albany, Kabinakagami, Nagagami and Shekak River systems since in time of memorial in the eighteen hundreds and early nineteen hundreds."〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Constance Lake Land Use Blog )〕 Mammamattawa (English River), where the Kenogami River joins with the Kabinakagami and Nagagami Rivers, was the site of Hudson’s Bay Company and rival Revillon Frères fur trading posts. This area became the Mammamattawa (English River) Reserve which was renamed the Constance Lake First Nation (CLFN).〔 Constance Lake First Nation were known as the English River Band of Oji-Cree. Prior to Treaty 9, according to a 1901 Canadian census, there were 85 people inhabiting the English River area, 60 miles inland from the mouth of the Kenogami or English River. On 27 July 1905 English River Band of Oji-Cree were attached to Treaty 9 as a subdivision of the Fort Albany First Nation on James Bay, and therefore Treaty beneficiaries. The English River band were given their own 12 square miles reserve, "()n the Kenogami or English River in the Province of Ontario, beginning at a point three miles below Hudson Bay Post on the North side of the River known as English River then north a portage of 3 miles and of sufficient depth to provide 1 square mile for each family of five upon the ascertained population of the band" by Treaty 9 in 1905.:〔(【引用サイトリンク】date=6 November 1905 )〕 By 1912, Hearst was established with the construction of the National Transcontinental Railway in 1913. Between 1908 and 1912 Hearst became a meeting place for First Nations Peoples engaged in the fur trade. (Calstock ) National Transcontinental Railway's east-west secondary mainline connected Calstock (near Hearst) with Cochrane. Between 1925-1940, many families from English River, Fort Albany and Moose Factory re-located to Pagwa, near the present-day Constance Lake First Nation, to follow employment opportunities.〔 Pagwa, named for the Pagwachuan River, one of the largest rivers in Northern Ontario, was valued by First Nations and the North-West fur traders, as an access, along with the Albany River, to James Bay and Hudson Bay. Pagwachuan is a Cree word meaning shallow river. Pagwa, a railway divisional point, had a fur trading post, as it was at a major junction of the railway and the Pagwachuan River. Packet steamers ran between Pagwa and James Bay to serve the Revillon Freres trading post and community early in the 1900s. In the 1930s an airfield was built in Pagwa by the Department of National Defence By May 1940 the majority of the English River First Nation resided at Pagwa as the English River reserve was "uninhabitable", according to Reverend Clarke who had requesting funding for a new school at Pagwa. In 1943 the Department of Indian Affairs began to consider the creation of a new Band for those living at Pagwa.〔 Inspector Arneil chose Calstock, near Constance Bay, as the most suitable location. On 21 September 1944 the government purchased land for an Indian reserve for the use and benefits of the Constance Bay First Nation, previously known as the Calstock Reserve.〔 Arneil recommended that the Constance Lake First Nation include members of Albany and Moose Factory (Attawapiskat) Bands who also resided at Pagwa. In the 1940s, Constance Lake First Nation "absorbed essentially the whole of the English River Band and also members of the Albany and Moose Factory Bands who lived nearby."〔 Joan A. Lovisek grouped the Constance Bay First Nations linguistically, with the historical Moose River Cree.〔pages 36–47〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Constance Lake First Nation」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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